Thousands of years of sacred Aboriginal history could be paved over duringmulti-billion-dollar Great Western Highway upgrades in New South Wales. Declaration of an area as an Aboriginal Place gives landholders and the whole community benefits by providing: Bomen Axe Quarry Report 2.1 MB Download. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Morisset, Commandant at Bathurst, thanking him for effecting 'the purpose of the proclamationby the judicious measures taken by you and the other magistrates at Bathurst, the aboriginal natives have learned to respect our power.' The Rural Ministry Task Force Diocese of Canberra Goulburn, 2009, Anglican News, Beating the Bounds develops unity among worship centres', Vol 26, No 6, August 2009, The Newspaper of the Diocese of Canberra and Goulburn, p.11 Available [online], Tate, W. E.(1946) The Parish Chest. In 1892, Fraser had published a revised and expanded edition[5] of Lancelot Threlkeld's 1834 work on the Awabakal language, An Australian Grammar,[6] in which he created his own names for groupings, such as Yunggai, Wachigari and Yakkajari. WebThe Wiradjuri diet included yabbies and fish such as Murray cod from the rivers. Key facts about the award The WebThe Wiradjuri inhabited an area bounded by the Blue Mountains in the east, the western slopes in the south, and the change of open forest to grassy plains in the north and west. "If there's a road put through here, are we going to have to sit in the middle of a median strip to teach the kids that?" There was no means of resistance so my father, then a lad of eighteen years, met them fearlessly at the door. [18] Clashes between the British settlers and the Wiradjuri however multiplied as the influx of colonist increased, and became known as the Bathurst Wars. John 'Genanagie Jack' Gilmour sits at centre with white beard. However, Windradyne continued to elude attempts to find him, and as such martial law remained in place for a further seven weeks. Bell then went on to remember the ghost of Kimo Hill, a couple of miles to the south of Gundagai, that is thought to belong to a lost or stolen child who went missing in the area, in the 1830s. Jimmy Clements also known as King Billy whose traditional name was 'Yangar',[3] walked forward to respectfully salute the Duke and Duchess of York (later Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother), and after that the two elders were formally presented to the Royal couple as prominent citizens of Australia. '[19], Colonel William Stewart, appointed Head of NSW Police and Lt Governor of the Colony helped oversee some of the government response to the Bathurst Uprising. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. In 1822, Wiradjuri warriors attacked a station on the Cudgegong River in which they drove away the stockman, let the cattle out of the yard and killed several of the sheep. [17] A terrific thunderstorm at Gundagai in March 1877 set fire to the inside of Armour's house. WebThe Wiradjuri people resisted, which led to open conflict from 1822-1824. The enormous influx of British colonists put massive strain on the traditional food sources[citation needed] and sacred landmarks of the Wiradjuri. In late 1823, Windradyne (known as Saturday by the British) was captured for the first time. She said sacred men's and women's places would also be "lost forever". WebSacred sites. [30], The variety of spellings for the name Wiradjuri is extensive, with over 60 ways of transcribing the word registered.[31]. The status, use or ownership of an area does not change as a result of a declaration but culture and heritage is recognised and protected.. Gundagai also has a 'Shakespeare Terrace' that runs along the Murrumbidgee floodplain below the town that may or may not refer to the amazing grand theatre corroborees that happened in that area, eagerly shared in the 1830s for the benefit of overlanders and travellers; or in reference to several or all works of Shakespeare. Numbers of cattle have been killed. As a result, in 1825, Colonel Stewart formed the NSW Mounted Police. "Everything's getting taken back off us again like it was 200 years ago," Ms Riley said. The Riverinas last sacred trees In a small township called Narrandera situated along the Marrambidya (Murrumbidgee River), sacred Wiradjuri trees still [51] A man was bitten on the finger by a snake in 1929 but couldn't get the snake to let go. Available [online], Horton, J., (1838), 'Six Months in South Australia: Ride of Six Hundred Miles From Sydney to Melbourne Through the District of Illawarra', Stockmen were intimidated and would not leave their huts to round up the cattle and bring them in without protection. Gundagai, Tuesday", "20 Dec 1904 Two Boys Struck by Lightning. If the current plans for the section proceed, the site would be destroyed. It is spoken in Wiradjuri language, with English subtitles, with cinematic imagary taken from Wiradjuri country. A decisionfrom the federal environment ministerSussan Leyon those applications is still pending. Mudgee Historical Society Inc. | Copyright 2023. Put simply, Aboriginal Places are a way of recognising and legally protecting Aboriginal cultural heritage. Throughout NSW many landholders acknowledge and respect Aboriginal peoples attachment to particular areas. That means that any activities that will damage, destroy or deface the Aboriginal Place cannot be carried out unless specific consent is granted by the Director-General of the Department, which can only be granted after consultation with local Aboriginal groups. It was closely related to the Ngiyampaa language to the west and Gamilaraay to the north. They settled around the Cudgegong River, using its resources for food, and water. Sacred tree carvings are set to return to their traditional home in the heart of New South Wales. Mount Minerva is the old name for what today is the hill known as 'Minjary'. From here they saw a vast expanse of forest and grass in which Blaxland wrote was rich enough "to support the stock of the colony for the next thirty years". For Wiradyuri people, the connection to Wahluu spans much further, with a creation story of a young warrior killed by his brother, which has been passed down for generations. Today the great wealth that came to Stewart and his descendants continues to be seen in the form of Abercrombie House that was later built on the land grant. Elder and WTOCWAC co-director Uncle Brian Grant said a more suitable location should be identified. Two Pictures", http://sharepoint.anglicancg.org.au/Publib/Documents/Media/Anglican%20News/Anglican%20News%20August%202009.pdf, https://books.google.com/books?id=vhQ9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA35&lpg=PA35&dq=The+Parish+Chest+Tate&source=bl&ots=dMqianN4bR&sig=dKa_2WujoO0IDX5-VHGuzgGW2A4&hl=en&ei=CyuVToiJOcyOiAe6qMiHBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false, http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/_transcript/2010/D04795/a2078.pdf, "20 Sep 1947 Bunyip Hunters at Gundagai", "24 Oct 1868 Opening of the New South Wales Parliament. It seems that the Wiradjuri were willing to tolerate this slow level of growth and peaceful relations were maintained during this period. Revenge parties were formed in which a group of armed servants attacked and killed three Wiradjuri women. Collecting, displaying and promoting the history and culture of the Mudgee District. This force, which was manned with soldiers not civilians, initially consisted of two detachments, one stationed in Bathurst and the other at Maitland. The NSW Mounted Police became the principal instrument of enforcement of colonial rule on the frontier for the next 15 years.[22]. One site under threatis a sacred possum skin dreaming area on River Lett Hill. In Mudgee, the Mowgee clan extended over a 50km radius. [15], The Battle of Bathurst began on 10 September when a Wiradjuri war party attacked a station on the Cudgegong River, they drove off the cattle before being pursued by the station hands. Oral stories about these animals in connection to the constellations have all been documented by anthropologists dating back to the 1800s. Pennick, N., (1996), 'Celtic Sacred Landscapes', Thames and Hudson, Great Britain, p. 134. WebThe Wiradjuri people lived within the area that was known as the Wiradjuri Nation. Heavy Snowfalls in", "26 Feb 1845 News From the Inter[?] In dry seasons, they ate kangaroos, emus and food gathered from the land, including fruit, nuts, On 11 December 1824, martial law was finally repealed, and on 28 December Windradyne appeared at the head of his people in Parramatta to attend the Governor's annual feast. Gundagai. Governor Macquarie was presented with one of these cloaks by a Wiradjuri man when he visited Bathurst in 1815.[2]. A ghost of the same description, (which may have been a Cailleach, or Washer at the Ford also known as a Bean Nighe, given the Celtic mythological elements in the story), was also reported by a tourist named Ryan who passed through the area in the 1960s. The G", "A brown snake removes itself from the red belly black snake that had 'eaten' it minutes before", Wanderings in New South Wales, Batavia, Pedir Coast, Singapore and China: being the journal of a naturalist in those countries, during 1832, 1833 and 1834 (Vol. (, Wiradhuric branch of Australian languages, Cootamundra Domestic Training Home for Aboriginal Girls, "What's in a name? The occupation of their lands and their cultivation began to cause famine among the Wiradjuri, who had a different notion of what constituted property. Settlement of the new land was initially slow, but following a change of government, Governor Thomas Brisbane came to power allowing a flood of land grants to the west of the Blue Mountains. The 'Gundagai' placename meaning further refers to the reason for the bend in the Murrumbidgee River near the Gundagai showground at Gundagai and to the mythological landscape epic at Gundagai. Click on the link below to order your copy. [62] 'Kimo Hill' is a child hill of the 'Kimo Range' that has become distanced from its mother hill, 'Mount Kimo', on the northern end of the Sheahan Bridge at North Gundagai. Caused by Lightning. The group has drawn up an alternative route further north, which avoidthe sites. Wiradyuri community members have expressed their concerns over a plan to construct a new go-kart track on an area of Wahluu (Mount Panorama) that Traditional Owners say is a sacred women's site. There are significant populations at Wagga Wagga and Leeton and smaller groups at West Wyalong, Parkes, Dubbo, Forbes, Cootamundra, Darlington Point, Cowra and Young. [4], Aboriginal leaders Pat Dodson and Noel Pearson; the former Chief of the Australian Army and Governor of Western Australia, Lieutenant General John Sanderson; and current Australian business leaders, met at a remote property on the Murrumbidgee River near Gundagai in September 2008 on the first stages of an Australian Dialogue to promote constitutional reform and structural change for Indigenous Australian people. Under the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Act, any land may be declared an Aboriginal place if the area is or was of special significance to Aboriginal culture. 18601869. Space to play or pause, M to mute, left and right arrows to seek, up and down arrows for volume. However, the majority of Wiradjuri casualties during the conflict were non-combatants, who were killed by mounted settler patrols or deliberately poisoned by the settlers. [25] John Bloomquist, who was camped in a hollow tree on the Gundagai Golf links, was horribly burned and died when the tree was struck by lightning in 1932. The Wiradjuri nation was split and sub-split into many tribes. According to oral tradition, in Mudgee, the Mowgee clan extended over a 50 km radius. The Mowgee womens totem was the wedge tail eagle (Mullian) and the mens totem the crow (Waggan). They settled around the Cudgegong River, using its resources for food, and water. Bell, O., (ndg possibly 1970s), 'Tales of Old Gundagai' No.3, B.E.M. According to oral tradition, in Mudgee, the Mowgee clan extended over a 50 km radius. Bunyips, understood to be where streams flood out of their usual channel in wet seasons flooding surrounding land but also drowning anyone caught on the wrong side of them, are recorded on the Gundagai floodplain; opposite 'Kimo'; and at the junction of the Tumut and Murrumbidgee rivers. He wore the word "peace" on his hat and knew the British could not arrest him because of the possibility of a riot with so many Aborigines there. The tribes led by Windradyne lived in the eastern parts of this territory, connected to the other groups by a common language as well as cultural and trade links. Goethe was one of the key figures of Classicism in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. [49] In 1908 there was a snake plague at Gundagai with several crawling around the main street and one entering the barber's shop. Hills, rocks, waterholes, trees, plains and other natural features may be sacred sites. The resulting roadworks would reduce travel time from about 40 to 29 minutes. 1), "18 Nov 1908 Snake Plague at Gundagai. (ABC Central West: Xanthe Gregory) A fire hearth, The government centre at Swallow Creek was soon abandoned in fear of attack. One of the chiefs (named Saturday) of a desperate tribe, took six men to secure him and they had actually to break a musket over his body before he yielded, which he did at length with broken ribs Saturday for his exploits was sentenced to a month's imprisonment. 175194. 73-74Available [online], George Augustus Robinson 'Report of a Journey of two thousand two hundred miles to the Tribes of the Coast and Eastern Interior during the year 1844', ca.1844, MLMSS 7335, State Library of NSW, Available [online], 'Parkes, W. 1952, Letter to Tindale from Parkes, Noel Butlin Archives Centre, ANU Manuscript Collection, database 162, p.96, Department of Environment and Conservation NSW, 2004, 'Aboriginal Women's Heritage: Brungle and Tumut', Department of Environment and Conservation NSW, p.42. Soon after Governor Lachlan Macquarie and a large accompanying party set out to view the country. There are, however, numerous traces of their extensive occupation of the land. [56] As well as bunyip stories, Brungle Aboriginal women relate the story of the 'Mirriyolla Dog' a spirit dog that could shapeshift. Available [online]. [28] Combining the two meanings results in the place of birds near where there is a large bend in the Murrumbidgee River that was caused by a cut in the back of the knee. [3], This was in fact the land of the Wiradjuri people, one of the largest language groups in Australia. [17], The Wiradjuri were also known for their handsome possum-skin cloaks stitched together from several possum furs. Lighthearted yarn on all things NBA and NBL, Join Narelda Jacobs and John Paul Janke to get unique Indigenous perspectives and cutting-edge analysis of the biggest stories of the week. By August 1824, the Sydney Gazette described it as "to have exposed the strength and wealth of the Colony to destruction".[12]. As the Wiradjuri returned to the war camp, the station hands fired on them killing at least sixteen and wounding many more.[17]. It makes fascinating reading. The story of the 'Ghost of Kimo Hill', (in 'Gundagai Ghosts' below), is one example of this. He goes on to say that 'it is impossible perhaps at all times to prevent the infliction of injury upon them by individuals andif justice cannot always be done, it deserves consideration upon such occasion whether the wrong may not be repaired by compensation. This follows two applications the organisation has already made for declarations under section 10 of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Heritage Protection Act 1984 in recent months. His replacement was Governor Thomas Brisbane who had different views through which he began asserting his authority. There are three ways to record Aboriginal [21], At the conclusion of the war, the NSW colonial government also recognised the need to have a mounted infantry to effectively place the frontier under British control. Specific jin were connected to each section and together they regulated the marriage system [ref]The four Wiradjuri sections, also common to Gamilaraay and Ngiyampaa, were Murri, Kubbi, Ippai and Combo (along with their feminine equivalents of Matha, Kubbitha, Ippatha and Butha). It is the land of the Three Rivers, the Macquarie (Wambool), the Lachlan (Kalare) and the Murrumbidgee (Murrumbidjeri). Four still stand near Molong at the Grave of Yuranigh. In 1820, the population of Bathurst was only 114 due to Macquarie's slow and cautious approach to new settlement. Saturday, November", "8 Oct 1904 Boy Struck by Lightning. Will is a wicked blacksmith who is given a second chance by Saint Peter at the gates to Heaven, but leads such a bad life that he ends up being doomed to wander the Earth. There were over 200 NSW police stations that employed Aboriginal trackers between 1862 and 1973. This website explores the history of Aboriginal trackers in NSW from 1862 when the current NSW Police Force was established through to 1973 when the last tracker, Norman Walford, retired. The Wiradjuri believe the track will damage the Aboriginal heritage sites on the mountain, where more than a thousand artefacts have been found. [23] Lightning killed a horse in 1946 but the rider escaped with her life though somewhat injured. 1828, Interview with Goethe, p.181, James Macarthur, in 'Quadrant Volume 12', 1968, H.R. The farmer then fired upon the group and in the mayhem several Wurudjuri people were killed and some wounded. Whatever springs spontaneously from the earth or without labour is theirs also. Indyamarra Reconciliation Site . [25], In Bryce Courtenay's novel Jessica, the plot is centred in Wiradjuri region. AND WHEREAS the ordinary Powers of the CIVIL MAGISTRATES (although most anxiously exerted) have failed to protect the Lives of HIS MAJESTY'S Subjects; and every conciliatory Measure has been pursued in vain; and the Slaughter of Black Women and Children and Unoffending White Men, as well as of the lawless Objects of Terror, continue to threaten the before mentioned Districts; AND WHEREAS by Experience, it hath been found that mutual Bloodshed may be stopped by the Use of Arms against the Natives beyond the ordinary Rule of Law in Time of Peace, and for this End Resort to summary Justice has become necessary: NOW THEREFORE, by Virtue of the Authority in me vested by His Majesty's Royal Commission, I do declare, in Order to restore Tranquillity, MARTIAL LAW TO BE IN ALL THE COUNTRY WESTWARD OF MOUNT YORK; And all Soldiers are hereby ordered to assist and obey their lawful Superiors in suppressing the Violences aforesaid; and all His Majesty's Subjects are also called upon to assist the MAGISTRATES in executing such Measures, as any one or more of the said Magistrates shall direct to be taken for the same purpose, by such Ways and Means as are expedient, so long as Martial Law shall last; being always mindful that the Shedding of Blood is only just, where all other Means of Defence or of Peace are exhausted; that Cruelty is never Lawful; and that, when personal Attacks become necessary, the helpless Women and Children are to be spared. [2], Attempts to cross the Blue Mountains had been made from 1790 onwards with convicts seeking a way to escape and adventurers eager to explore the region. The Wiradjuri were organised into bands. [26] There has been other victims of lightning in the Gundagai area due to the ferocity of thunderstorms that can happen locally. The Right Reverend Trevor Edwards Vicar General of the Anglican Church and Assistant Bishop of the Diocese of Canberra and Goulburn, commented in September 2011, on the stories held within the walls of St John's Church Gundagai when he led the commemoration of the laying of the foundation stone of that church in 1861[43] Outside the walls of the St John's church at Gundagai are also the stories of multiple events and aspects of culture not the least the two oak trees outside the Anglican Rectory. Gundagai lore is associated with Gundagai, Australia, a place of considerable reputed Aboriginal cultural significance, with both archaeological sites and anthropological associations related to sacred and spiritual beliefs of the local clan group and wider cultural associations. They roamed throughout the OConnell, Bathurst and Macquarie Plains and along the Wambool (Macquarie) River and one estimate, recorded in 1824, numbered 600 to 700 people. By subscribing, you agree to SBSs terms of service and privacy policy including receiving email updates from SBS. SBS acknowledges the Traditional Custodians of Country and their connections and continuous care for the skies, lands and waterways throughout Australia. [57] The Mirriyolla Ghost Dog is also known of in Cootamundra a few miles to the north-west of Gundagai and lives in the Bethungra Range that is partly in Gundagai Shire. [5], Tindale says that some of the later terms had entered the literature, although not based on fieldwork and lacking Aboriginal support, as artificial, collective names for his "Great Tribes" of New South Wales. Wiradjuri territory was first penetrated by British colonists in 1813. J. The Wiradyuri Traditional Owners Central West Aboriginal Corporation (WTOCWAC)said the track would "forever destroy this site". One tall and shadowy supernatural visitant that appeared from under a culvert in Gundagai in 1869, severely alarmed a horse and its rider, and exhibited a livid, phosphoric light such as a rotting fish might display. Nevertheless, it would be another eight years before he would become famous to the colony. [37] 'Warramore' is linked to 'Warrawen', which is the large cut in the western side of the Monaro Plateau from near which western travelling geological fault lines begin, and 'Warragong', which is the section of the beginning of the Australian Alps in the Gundagai region upon which snow sometimes falls. He is not particularly tall but much stouter and more proportionable limbed than the majority of his countrymen; which combined with a noble looking countenance and piercing eye, are calculated to impress the beholder with other than disagreeable feelings towards a character who has been so much dreaded by the Bathurst settler. Cross, London, pp. The Wiradjuri autonym is derived from wirraay, meaning "no" or "not", with the comitative suffix -dhuurray or -juuray meaning "having". The ghost wore a grey tweed suit and had a red beard. His reward was to stand on a high point (Mount Pleasant) at the edge of Bathurst township and declare his right to all the land he could see. The proposed works would weave in and out of the existing road, pushing through previously untouched land. WebBook online or email or call Milan Dhiiyaan on 0400 409 102. We acknowledge Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples as the First Australians and Traditional Custodians of the lands where we live, learn, and work. During a thunderstorm near Gundagai in 1876, an electric fire-ball was seen to issue from the clouds, strike the earth, and explode with a loud noise, singeing Constable Macalister's hair and whiskers, and leaving a blue mark on his side. Some believe the name 'Gundagai' derives from the word 'Gundagair', an 1838 pastoral run in the name of William Hutchinson[27] to the immediate north of current day Gundagai. President of the Gundagai and District Historical Society, Wilkie Watson Publications, Tumut, p.50. They survived as skilled hunter-fisher-gatherers, in family groups or clans, and many still use knowledge of hunting and gathering techniques as part of their customary life. The word 'Gundagai' is also said to mean cut with a hand-axe behind the knee. They extended southwest to the vicinity of Hay and Narrandera. [11], Similar to other inland areas in Australia, the Gundagai area has often been visited by tornadoes, particularly in dry times. [52] Also in 1929, Hubert Opperman famous cyclist, had a tiger snake encounter at Gundagai. easily viewed on any map of the area e.g. [citation needed]. A nearby resident, Mr Carey, then began to receive visits by the same spectre. 139142, 161167, Macarthur, J. AEST = Australian Eastern Standard Time which is 10 hours ahead of GMT (Greenwich Mean Time), abc.net.au/news/great-western-highway-upgrades-anger-aboriginal-groups/100830566, Get breaking news alerts directly to your phone with our app, Help keep family & friends informed by sharing this article. One of the survivors of this misunderstanding was Windradyne; enraged at the attack he and his warriors immediately began a series of violent attacks against nearby stations.[10]. The Wiradjuri people (Wiradjuri northern dialect pronunciation[wirajduraj]; Wiradjuri southern dialect pronunciation[wirajuraj]) are a group of Aboriginal Australian people from central New South Wales, united by common descent through kinship and shared traditions. "We don't have that many sites spare to just go 'it's okay to destroy some Aboriginal history'," Mr Williams said. "[7], He goes on to list the Bangarang[a] Wiradjuri people also worshipped several mythical heroes in common, including Biami, his emu wife Gooboerangalnaba and the giant serpent Kurrea. Between them, these men rescued more than 40 people using bark canoes. There are, however, numerous traces of their extensive occupation of the land. A team of archaeologists and registered Aboriginal parties conducted preliminary digs last year. The southern border ran to Howlong. Governor Darling formalised the grant of 3200 acres in 1826. Gundagai lore is associated with Gundagai, Australia, a place of considerable reputed Aboriginal cultural significance, with both archaeological sites and anthropological associations related to sacred and spiritual beliefs of the local clan group and wider cultural associations. For this service and for rewards to the natives who assisted in the police, I have directed 50 subject to detailed accounts of its expenditure to be at your disposal. 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Threatis a sacred possum skin dreaming area on River Lett Hill email updates from SBS those applications is pending! The Hill known as 'Minjary ', Tumut, p.50 still pending goethe, p.181, Macarthur... Life though somewhat injured were killed and some wounded john 'Genanagie Jack Gilmour. Macarthur, in Mudgee, the population of Bathurst was only 114 due to Macquarie 's slow and cautious to. From about 40 to 29 minutes seven weeks groups in Australia was 114... Home for Aboriginal Girls, `` 20 Dec 1904 Two Boys Struck by Lightning SBS acknowledges the Custodians. The mountain, where more than a thousand artefacts have been found soon after governor Lachlan Macquarie a! In a name his replacement was governor Thomas Brisbane who had different views through which began. Such as Murray cod from the article title 'Ghost of Kimo Hill ', 1968, H.R legally Aboriginal... Skies, lands and waterways throughout Australia for Aboriginal Girls, `` 26 Feb News... 1845 News from the article title colonists in 1813, 'Celtic sacred '... Courtenay 's novel Jessica, the population of Bathurst was only 114 due to the north ] sacred! The British ) was captured for the skies, lands and waterways throughout Australia the wedge tail eagle ( )! Was governor Thomas Brisbane wiradjuri sacred sites had different views through which he began asserting his authority Mr,! Possum-Skin cloaks stitched together from several possum wiradjuri sacred sites Custodians of country and their connections and care. Milan Dhiiyaan on 0400 409 102 traces of their extensive occupation of the of... Life though somewhat injured 's slow and cautious approach to New settlement current plans for the first time be lost. Rescued more than 40 people using bark canoes possum skin dreaming area on River Lett Hill are, however numerous! New South Wales Gundagai in March 1877 set fire to the colony Publications, Tumut, p.50 of. Online or email or call Milan Dhiiyaan on 0400 409 102 in '', `` 18 Nov 1908 Snake at...
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